{"status":true,"msg":{"data":{"id":39410,"auction_id":58,"set_id":86,"lot_number":"23","artist":"Philippine School (19th Century)","title":"Untitled","starting_price":40000,"signed_dated":"signed (lower right)","medium":null,"size":"6” x 8 1/4” (15 cm x 21 cm)","property":null,"coa":null,"provenance":"Private Collection, Madrid","exhibited":null,"literature":null,"write_up":"The Filipino watercolorist depicts a pivotal moment in some unidentified locale during the Philippine Revolution (called the  Tagalog War by the Spanish) which was fought between the people of the Philippines and the Spanish colonial authorities.\n \nThe grand tableau has all the elements of a painting about the war.  While the Philippine Revolution was raging, Spain also  had to come to terms with the Spanish-American war on the other side of the globe, when on April 21, 1898, the United States launched a naval blockade of Cuba.  On May 1, 1898, the U.S. Navy's Asiatic Squadron, under Commodore George Dewey  decisively defeated the Spanish navy in the Battle of Manila Bay, effectively seizing control of Manila.  In certain American  paintings depicting the Battle of Manila Bay, the Spanish flags are also hoisted from the Spanish warships, along with the  American flag on the American warships.  Wartime flags are a frequent occurrence in the pages of ‘Harper’s Weekly’ during  that era.  In a similar vein, in this watercolor done by a Spanish artist, the Spanish flag is hoisted from the turret of the church.\n \nOn May 19, Emilio Aguinaldo, unofficially allied with the United States, returned to the Philippines and resumed attacks against the Spaniards.\nThe Spanish rule of the Philippines officially ended with the Treaty of Paris of 1898, which also ended the Spanish–American War.  In the treaty, Spain ceded control of the Philippines and other territories to the United States.  The battle scene is one  of the oldest types of art in developed civilizations, as rulers have always been keen to celebrate their victories and intimidate potential opponents.  Here, the Filipino artist depicts the valiant standoff of his countrymen, storming the forefront of the fortress-like church, a windswept Spanish flag and all.\n \nThe defeat and collapse of the Spanish Empire was a profound shock to Spain's national psyche, and provoked a thorough philosophical and artistic revaluation of Spanish society known as the Generation of ’98.  A decade and a half later — with the advent of the twentieth century — World War I very largely confirmed the end of the glorification of war in art, which had been in decline since the end of the previous century.","lot_group":"PAINTING","lot_details_html":"<p><strong>19th Century Philippine School</strong><br /><em>Untitled</em> <br />signed (lower right)<br />watercolor on paper<br />6&rdquo; x 8 1/4&rdquo; (15 cm x 21 cm)</p>","alias":null,"hp":130000,"bp":0.168,"isWithdrawn":0,"accounting_hp":130000,"userBid":null,"isPaid":0,"userId":22,"lot_status":"SOLD","isDone":1,"bid_history_id":null,"reserve_price":null,"hammer_price":151840,"fav":0},"image":[{"id":37692,"img_url":"https://leongallery.sgp1.digitaloceanspaces.com/v2/auction/58/86/lot/23.jpg","isFeatured":1}]},"increment":[70000,80000,90000,100000,110000,120000,130000,140000,150000,160000,170000,180000,190000,200000,220000,240000,260000,280000,300000,320000,340000,360000,380000,400000,450000,500000,550000,600000,650000,700000,750000,800000,900000,1000000,1100000,1200000,1300000,1400000,1500000,1600000,1700000,1800000,1900000,2000000,2200000,2400000,2600000,2800000,3000000,3200000,3400000,3600000,3800000,4000000,4200000,4400000,4600000,4800000,5000000,5500000,6000000,6500000,7000000,7500000,8000000,8500000,9000000,9500000,10000000,11000000,12000000,13000000,14000000,15000000,16000000,17000000,18000000,19000000,20000000],"prev":22,"next":24,"count_bid":0,"bid_history":[],"tokenExpired":1}