{"status":true,"msg":{"data":{"id":3497,"auction_id":6,"set_id":8,"lot_number":"97","artist":"José Joya (1931 - 1995)","title":"The Ozone","starting_price":2400000,"signed_dated":"signed and dated 1992 (lower right);<br /> signed, titled, and dated March 21, 1992 (verso)","medium":"acrylic collage","size":"26 1/4\" x 40\" (67 cm x 102 cm)","property":null,"coa":"Accompanied by a certificate signed by the artist  himself confirming the authenticity of this lot","provenance":"Acquired directly from the artist by the present owner","exhibited":null,"literature":"Arcellana, Francisco. Joya. Manila: Dick Baldovino Enterprises, 1996. Full-color photograph. Listed as \"The Ozone, March 21, 1992\" in Joya's Catalogue of Works compiled by Ruben D.F. Defeo.","write_up":"Jose Joya's The Ozone embodies the foremost Filipino abstract expressionist's genuine engagement and commitment to his social responsibility. One usually knows Joya as the reverent of Filipino cultural heritage. But in this exemplary work, we see insights into his profound environmental awareness and consummate realization of his advocacies.<br /><br />We see in the diaphanous, finely-grained rice papers the ozone layer, the thin part of Earth's atmosphere that shields the planet's surface and protects us from the sun's harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation. A circular figure at the top left corner of the work symbolizes the sun. While the sun is vital for the survival of all life forms, it also emits harmful UV rays, and this is where the crucial role of the ozone layer enters.<br /><br /> One can discern how Joya delicately applies the translucent strips, signifying the escalating depletion of the protective ozone layer beyond natural processes beginning in the 1970s. Crevices can be found in between the strips, harrowingly representing the \"ozone hole.\" Warm colors, particularly fiery reds and blazing oranges, briskly engulf and subjugate the cool blues, symbolizing the unrestrained entry of harmful UV rays into the Earth’s surface.<br /><br /> Ozone depletion is caused by the emission of gaseous chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and halons, which had been heavily manufactured and commercialized beginning in the late 1920s through refrigerants and aerosol sprays, most notoriously by the American multinational chemical company DuPont. When CFCs and halons are released into the atmosphere, they interact with and destroy ozone molecules, significantly diminishing the ozone layer's capacity to absorb UV radiation.<br /><br /> Ozone depletion generates detrimental effects on humans, from skin cancer to cataracts and even weakening of the immune system. The unhindered entry of UV rays also affects the natural growth of plants and cancer in domesticated animals.<br /><br /> Joya finished painting the work on March 21, 1992, a month before the official commencement of the year's Earth Day on April 22. Earth Day is an annual celebration whose mission is grounded in diversifying, educating, and activating the global environmental movement. It was founded in 1970 and became an international event by 1990. The first Earth Day celebration in the Philippines was held on April 22, 1990, coinciding with the event's global launching.<br /><br /> From June 3 to 14, 1992, the United Nations convened its Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in which a framework for sustainable development through environmental protection was ratified. As a member of the UN, the Philippines formally adopted its resolution.<br /><br />The Ozone is Joya's—the country's foremost abstract expressionist—ode to the planet. Nonetheless, Joya's commitment to partaking in the collective action to protect the Earth is no abstract; it is a concrete reality grounded in his firm principles and environmental sensibilities. (A.M.)","lot_group":"PAINTING","lot_details_html":null,"alias":null,"hp":6500000,"bp":0.168,"isWithdrawn":0,"accounting_hp":6500000,"userBid":5926,"isPaid":0,"userId":22,"lot_status":"SOLD","isDone":1,"bid_history_id":null,"reserve_price":0,"hammer_price":7592000,"fav":0},"image":[{"id":3701,"img_url":"https://leongallery.sgp1.digitaloceanspaces.com/v2/auction/6/8/lot/97.jpg","isFeatured":1},{"id":3702,"img_url":"https://leongallery.sgp1.digitaloceanspaces.com/v2/auction/6/8/lot/97a.jpg","isFeatured":0}]},"increment":[5500000,6000000,6500000,7000000,7500000,8000000,8500000,9000000,9500000,10000000,11000000,12000000,13000000,14000000,15000000,16000000,17000000,18000000,19000000,20000000],"prev":96,"next":98,"count_bid":0,"bid_history":[],"tokenExpired":1}