{"status":true,"msg":{"data":{"id":45174,"auction_id":91,"set_id":120,"lot_number":"494","artist":"Jorge Cleofas Bocobo (1886 - 1965)","title":"General Wood and Law A discussion of the legal aspects of the political crisis in the Philippine islands","starting_price":5000,"signed_dated":"Manila: Bureau of Printing, 1923), 64 pages","medium":null,"size":null,"property":null,"coa":null,"provenance":null,"exhibited":null,"literature":null,"write_up":"This important pamphlet, a mere 64 pages long, is a historical document of the utmost importance. It is a legal protest accusing Woods of flouting the laws of the United States and the Philippine territory by continually vetoing laws passed by the Philippine parliament. It is a very courageous text in which Jorge Bocobo, then dean of the University of the Philippines College of Law, argues that “the unrestrained use of the veto power by General Wood places the Filipino people in a worse position as far as autonomy is concerned as the were before the passage of the Jones Law”, and then points out the four exceptional cases under which the governor could make use of the veto. It is an impeccable legal treatise that testifies to the indefatigable struggle of the Filipinos for autonomy and independence under the American yoke.<br /><br /> The lawyer Jorge Bocobo was born in Gerona (Tarlac) on October 19, 1886. In 1904 he was selected as one of the boarding students who went to study at an American university. In his case, he studied law at the University of Indiana. After his return, he combined his work as a law professor at the University of the Philippines with his position at the Executive Bureau. He was fluent in Tagalog, Spanish and English - he translated Rizal’s two novels into English - and was recognized during his lifetime as an excellent speaker and one of the archipelago’s foremost experts on law.<br /><br /> General Leonard Wood was the General Governor of the Philippines from 1921 until 1927. Trained as doctor, he joined the US Army as a surgeon and escalated fast in the military rankings: by 1891 he was already a Captain, and in 1898 he was coronel. From 1903 to 1906 he was the Governor of the Moro Province. Later, he commanded the Department of the East. After running for the presidential convention of the Republican Party in 1920, he returned to the Philippines, where he spent his last years. As a governor, he made extense use of his right to veto to stop laws approved by the Philippine legislature, which exacerbated a feeling of grievance among Filipino politicians. The tension with frustrated officials came to a head when he refused to fire Manila police detective Ray Conley, accused of bribery and other misconduct.. Interior Secretary Jose Laurel and the Filipino members of Wood’s cabinet resigned. Conley eventually resigned from his post -after being suspiciously acquitted-, but this action confirmed that Wood had contempt for the interests of the Filipino people and sought only to bolster the U.S. occupation.","lot_group":"BOOKS","lot_details_html":null,"alias":null,"hp":0,"bp":0.2016,"isWithdrawn":0,"accounting_hp":0,"userBid":null,"isPaid":0,"userId":22,"lot_status":"UNSOLD","isDone":1,"bid_history_id":null,"reserve_price":null,"hammer_price":0,"fav":0},"image":[{"id":44136,"img_url":"https://leongallery.sgp1.digitaloceanspaces.com/v2/auction/91/120/lot/494.jpg","isFeatured":1}]},"increment":[2000,3000,4000,5000,6000,7000,8000,9000,10000,12000,14000,16000,18000,20000,25000,30000,35000,40000,45000,50000,55000,60000,70000,80000,90000,100000,110000,120000,130000,140000,150000,160000,170000,180000,190000,200000,220000,240000,260000,280000,300000,320000,340000,360000,380000,400000,450000,500000,550000,600000,650000,700000,750000,800000,900000,1000000,1100000,1200000,1300000,1400000,1500000,1600000,1700000,1800000,1900000,2000000,2200000,2400000,2600000,2800000,3000000,3200000,3400000,3600000,3800000,4000000,4200000,4400000,4600000,4800000,5000000,5500000,6000000,6500000,7000000,7500000,8000000,8500000,9000000,9500000,10000000,11000000,12000000,13000000,14000000,15000000,16000000,17000000,18000000,19000000,20000000],"prev":493,"next":495,"count_bid":0,"bid_history":[],"tokenExpired":1}