{"status":true,"msg":{"data":{"id":48335,"auction_id":97,"set_id":128,"lot_number":"59","artist":"Edwin Wolf 2nd (ed.)","title":"Doctrina Christiana: The First Book Printed in\nthe Philippines (Library of the Congress facsimile)","starting_price":10000,"signed_dated":"Philadelphia: Library of the Congress, 1947","medium":null,"size":"size: 9 3/4” x 7 3/4”\ndepth: 3/4”","property":null,"coa":"CONDITION REPORT\nHARDBOUND \nVERY GOOD","provenance":null,"exhibited":null,"literature":null,"write_up":"If there is one book that symbolizes the birth of the Philippines as a political community, it is undoubtedly the famous Doctrina Christiana en lengua española y tagala. It is, no more and no less, one of the three candidates to be the first book printed in the Philippines, all of them from 1593: the others are the Shih Lu of the Dominican Juan Cobo and the Doctrina Christina en lengua china.\nThere are a number of curiosities surrounding this book that make it unique. First, it is the first printed book to use the native baybayin. It is also the first book in which the Tagalog language is standardized with the Roman alphabet. Thus, it was published using two languages — Spanish and Tagalog –- in one alphabet – Roman – and one syllabary — Baybayin. Moreover, since the friars at such an early date lacked printing presses, it was printed through the woodcut method used in China; that is, each page was carefully carved in wood, dipped in ink and pressed on paper.\nThe composition of the Tagalog text is usually attributed to the Franciscan Fr. Juan de Plasencia, who presented a Tagalog translation at the 1582 Synod of Manila. Despite his reputation as a great tagalista, there is no doubt that in order to present a perfect text he must have had the help of the parishioners of Laguna, the area where he worked as a missionary.\nIt should not surprise us at all that the first book of the Philippines was of a religious nature, given the power of the Church in the 16th century: the same was true in Europe and in the Spanish overseas territories. The Christian doctrines were small catechisms containing the basic rudiments of the Catholic faith. In mission territories, the friars quickly understood that it made no sense, because it was not very didactic, to provide chapters of the Bible to communities that had never heard of Jesus Christ. The present Doctrine contains the Lord’s Prayer, the Hail Mary, the Creed, the Salve Regina, the Articles of Faith, the Ten Commandments, the Five Commandments of the Church, etc.\nThe existence of this Doctrine was considered for many decades as a myth, since no physical evidence could be found. Pardo de Tavera in his Noticia sobre la imprenta y el grabado en Filipinas (Madrid, 1893) heard about its existence from a Dutch orientalist, but dismissed the clues offered to him. Retana finally discovered in the Archivo General de Indias (Seville) documents concerning the mandatory printing licenses, but nothing more. Finally, a copy came to light in 1946 and was immediately acquired by the Library of the Congress, in Washington D.C. No copy other than this one is known.\nThis facsimile edition is not only the first, but also the best and most coveted by collectors of early books, due to the quality of the reproduction and the extraordinary critical introduction by the editor, which provides all the historical details to understand the importance of this foundational book.","lot_group":"BOOKS","lot_details_html":null,"alias":null,"hp":35000,"bp":0.2016,"isWithdrawn":0,"accounting_hp":35000,"userBid":5926,"isPaid":0,"userId":22,"lot_status":"SOLD","isDone":1,"bid_history_id":null,"reserve_price":null,"hammer_price":42056,"fav":0},"image":[{"id":48176,"img_url":"https://leongallery.sgp1.digitaloceanspaces.com/v2/auction/97/128/lot/59.jpg","isFeatured":1},{"id":48174,"img_url":"https://leongallery.sgp1.digitaloceanspaces.com/v2/auction/97/128/lot/59 b.jpg","isFeatured":0},{"id":48172,"img_url":"https://leongallery.sgp1.digitaloceanspaces.com/v2/auction/97/128/lot/59 a.jpg","isFeatured":0}]},"increment":[25000,30000,35000,40000,45000,50000,55000,60000,70000,80000,90000,100000,110000,120000,130000,140000,150000,160000,170000,180000,190000,200000,220000,240000,260000,280000,300000,320000,340000,360000,380000,400000,450000,500000,550000,600000,650000,700000,750000,800000,900000,1000000,1100000,1200000,1300000,1400000,1500000,1600000,1700000,1800000,1900000,2000000,2200000,2400000,2600000,2800000,3000000,3200000,3400000,3600000,3800000,4000000,4200000,4400000,4600000,4800000,5000000,5500000,6000000,6500000,7000000,7500000,8000000,8500000,9000000,9500000,10000000,11000000,12000000,13000000,14000000,15000000,16000000,17000000,18000000,19000000,20000000],"prev":58,"next":60,"count_bid":0,"bid_history":[],"tokenExpired":1}